Why men also need this hormone in balance
Estrogen is often considered a "female hormone," but men also produce it, and that's a good thing. Estrogens perform important functions in the male body: they affect bones, the brain, libido, fat metabolism, and the cardiovascular system . However, too much or too little can lead to significant problems—from loss of libido to gynecomastia.
Especially in men over 35 or undergoing testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), the ratio of testosterone to estrogen is crucial . A healthy level is protective, while an imbalance can be problematic.
What exactly is estrogen?
Estrogens are a group of steroid hormones consisting of:
- Estradiol (E2): Main form in the male body
- Estrone (E1): Intermediate product, primarily found in fat cells
- Estriol (E3): Less effective, especially relevant during pregnancy
In men, estrogen is largely produced by the conversion (aromatization) of testosterone, primarily in fatty tissue, the liver, and the brain.
What functions does estrogen have in men?
In healthy concentrations, estrogen performs a variety of functions in the male body:
- Maintaining bone density – prevents osteoporosis
- Cardiovascular protection – reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease
- Sexual function & libido - works in conjunction with testosterone
- Brain function & mood - affects memory, motivation and serotonin balance
- Regulation of aromatase activity - part of a feedback system for testosterone production
Too low an estrogen level can be just as harmful as too high one - balance is key.
Symptoms of too much estrogen
Elevated estrogen levels are usually caused by increased aromatase activity – for example, in:
- Overweight (especially visceral abdominal fat)
- Liver problems (e.g. fatty liver, alcohol)
- Hormone-disrupting substances from the environment (plastics, pesticides, BPA)
- Excessively high testosterone levels (e.g., due to TRT) → increased conversion
Typical symptoms:
- Gynecomastia (enlarged mammary glands)
- Water retention, soft connective tissue
- Loss of libido, erectile dysfunction
- Mood swings, emotional irritability
- Reduced energy, sleep problems
Symptoms of low estrogen
An estrogen deficiency can also affect men:
- Loss of libido despite high testosterone
- Joint pain
- Reduced bone density (osteopenia to osteoporosis)
- Depressive moods
- Weak sexual desire
- Dry skin, decreased performance
Particularly relevant in cases of severe dieting, excessive aromatase inhibition (e.g., through supplements), liver disease, or very low body fat percentage.
How is estrogen measured?
In the laboratory, estradiol (E2) is usually measured, ideally in combination with:
- Total and free testosterone
- SHBG (Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin)
- Aromatase activity / E2:T ratio
- LH, FSH for assessing the hormone axis
The reference ranges are significantly lower for men than for women - it is important to consider individual factors such as age, body fat, TRT or medication.
How can you regulate your estrogen levels?
The goal is not a low estrogen level , but a healthy level in relation to testosterone.
Strategies for regulation:
- Reduction of belly fat - lowers aromatase activity
- Avoiding plastic, excessive soy, and alcohol
- Strengthen the liver (e.g., through bitter substances, milk thistle, and low alcohol consumption)
- Possible targeted supplementation (zinc, resveratrol, DIM)
- Regulate testosterone levels naturally
- Under TRT: Close laboratory monitoring + possibly aromatase inhibitors
Important: Never experiment with anti-estrogens or aromatase inhibitors on your own, as this can lead to serious side effects!
Conclusion
Estrogen is not a "female hormone," but a key regulator of health, sexuality, and metabolism in men. A healthy estrogen level protects you, while an imbalance can have serious consequences.
Especially during hormonal changes, weight gain, or testosterone therapy, it is worthwhile to take a closer look at this often overlooked hormone.
